Rotary internal combustion engine



Sept. 29, 1931.

A. BARREAUX ET AL yROTARY INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 23, 1930 4Sheets-Sheet 1 llllwlvllll Jim1-17911.

SePf- 29 1931- A. BARREAUX ET AL 1,825,571

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Patented sept. 29, 1931 UNITED STATES APMIEN'I OFFICE ALPHONSE BARREAUX, OIE LOURY, AND GEORGES' SARiRAZIN, OF ORLEANS, FQRANCE ROTARY INTERNAL. COMBUSTIQN ENGINE Application led January 23, 1930, Serial No. 422,875, and n France February 8, 1929.

Our invention has for its object a torusshaped internal combustion engine. Its main feature lies in the fact that its rotary part is constituted by a plate to either side of which are secured two diametrically opposed pistons. These pistons are connected with the plate through slopingend surfaces whereby the total thickness ofthe plate and adjacent piston of the plate and adjacent piston end surfaces has a constant value. Said assembly may snugly tit inside a tranversal series of small blades which separates the torusshaped chamber into two parts, said blades controlling moreover the distribution.

We have described hereinbelow by way of example and shown on accompanying drawings a form of execution vof our invention.

Fig.4 l is a cross-section of the engine through the axis of rotation.

Fig. 2 is a view of the inside of the torusshaped chamber supposed cut through its middle, after removal of the plate and pistons connected therewith (in this figure the connections are shown in a purely diagrammatical manner).

Fig. 3 is a cross-section through line 3 3 of Figs. l and 2 of part of the engine.

Fig. 4 is a cross-seetional View of two adjacent blades, the section being made through line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a developed. section of part of the explosion chamber.

Figs. 6 to 9 show a developed section of the chamber for different periods of the cycle of operation. f

Referring to the drawings, a designates the casing vthe toric'a-l inner space a of which serves for operation. In said chamber are fitted two diametrically opposed pistons b nd b. These pistons are secured to opposite sides of a circular plate c which divides the torus-shaped chamber into two symmetrical parts, said plate being rigidly secured to the driving shaft d coaXia-l therewith.

The two pistons b and b appear as opposed half-circular segments. They cover half the periphery of the torus-shaped chamber on the corresponding side of the Vplate o. Each piston is connected with the plate surface through a part sloping at an angle of about 25a whereby, the sloping connecting l parts being reversely disposed vin front of each other and on either side of the plate, we may provide a total thickness e through these parts and supporting plate which is 'equal to the thickness e through the piston body and supporting plate.

The casing a, is cut open through its middle so as to form the two slide ways f for the superposed blades f. These blades pass through the corresponding part of the space a and divide thus the half torus on the corresponding side of the plate into two compartments g 7L o n one hand and g-t on the other, the said compartments g h or g L following one another along the periphery of the corresponding half-torus. The compartments g-g serve at corresponding mo-` ments for admission and compression of the gaseous mixture respectively and the compartments L h for their expansion and exhaust respectively. The superposed blades f f are adapted to slide in their slideways f'f and it on either side of the plate and piston b or b secured thereto the 'thickness of which added to that of the plate is the abovementioned thickness e, as apparent from inspection of Fig. 3. Thus the blades are caused to reciprocate transversally under the action of the rotation of the shaft d and of the plate c which latter draws the pistons b-b along whereby the blades are alternatively moved in one direction and the other.

On either side of the torus-shaped chamber a and against the slideways f, f are disposed explosion chambers i-fi each provided with a spark plug lc. Each of these explosion chambers communicates on one hand through the aperture y' or y" with the corresponding compartments h or h disposed on the same side of the blades f and on the other with the compartment g or g disposed on the opposite side of the blades f and of the plate c. rIhis latter connection is established in the case of the compartment g (refer more particularly to Fig. 5) through the duct 1 connecting the compartment g to the chamber m, disposed on the side of the slideways f 4opposed to the explosion chambers, the

port n' provided on the wall of this chamber on the opposite side of the partition plate c,

'the port 1" provided in the superposed blades f and the corresponding port y', passing through the wall of the explosion chamber 2"; during the period of the cycle of operations, during which this connection is established. the aperture Z connecting the compartment g with the chamber 'mais closed b v the pistion b and the explosion chamber i is cut o from `the compartments q and g by the blades f.

As for the compartment g'. its connection with the explosion chamber z' is established through the duct Z which connects the said compartment g with the chamber m. the port lr11-provided in the wall of this chamber on the other side of the partition vplate c with reference to the compartment (1. the port r provided in the superposed blades f and the corresponding port {1/ passing through the wall of the explosion chamber When the .iust disclosed connections are established. the port lcon'necting the compartment o with the chamber m is closed bv the piston' 71 and the explosion chamber i' is cut of from both compartments a and o bv the blades f covering the ports y and n'.

Assuming that the pistons shown on Figs. 5 to 9 move leftwards. the compartments q g to the right of the blades communicate through the apertures o. o with thecarburetter 1. On the other hand the compartments h k to the left of the blades f communicate.

at their ends removed from the explosion` chambers. with the` atmosphere through the exhaust ports 0 0.

The working is as follows for each piston: the piston 7) for instance. being in the position shown in Fig. 6 and supposed to be moving leftwards. the carburetted gases passing -out of the carburetter 'n through the aperother end of the port Z (Fig. 8i the carbu retted gases are now'compressed in this same compartment g. the yolume of which diminishes at this period and in the explosion chamber z" on the other side of the plate c communicating with the said compartment g as explained hereinabove.

After the explosion has taken place, the gases expand in the compartment h and propel the piston b forwards. Said piston b forcesthe burnt gases formed by the precedent explosion and present in front of it through the exhaust aperture g (Fig. 9).

The succession of phenomena is the same on C 5 both sides of the partition plate and theFigS.

6 to 9 illustrate the succession of the periods of the cycle of operation. Y

Fig. 6: the suction begins in the compartment g to the rear of the piston b which forces into the atmosphere the burnt gases produced by the precedent explosion which till the compartment h in front of the said piston b. On the other hand the suction is at an end in the compartment g and after explosion, the gases compressed into the chamber i by the piston b expand and propel the piston b'.

Fig.`7 the fresh gases are adlnitted to the rear of the piston b and the burnt gases are forced out by the front of said piston. On the other hand the gases precedently sucked in by the piston b are compressed into the explosion chamber i whereas the rear of said piston b is urged forwards by the driving action of the gases expanding in the compartment h.

Fig. 8: the suction is at an end in the compartment g and, the explosion taking place inthe chamber z', the gases previously compressed therein expand and urge the piston b forwards. On the other hand the suction begins in the compartment g to the rear of the piston b which begins forcing into the ,atmosphere the burnt gases romthe compartment 7L'.

Fig. 9: the gases previously sucked in by the piston b are compressed to the left thereof into the explosion chamber i and the rear of thesaid piston b is submitted to the driving action of the gases expanding in the compartment L. On the other hand, the fresh gases are admitted to the rear of the piston b and the burnt gases are forced out by the front of the piston.

As apparent from tlf-iabove described cycleV of operation, there are two succeive explosions for each revolution of the engine. If the casing were divided into four parts instead of into two and with the provision of four explosion chambers instead of two, we may obtain two simultaneous explosions on either side of the plate which would ensure a more perfect equilibrium.

The ignition of the charge is provided by a magneto s keyed to the engine shaft to which is also keyed the ily-wheel t.

The blades f which divide the casing in two engage onyone hand the vslideways f and on the other the recesses f in the core of the cylinder so as to ensure a perfect fluidtight'- ness. In the part of the blades passing over the partition plate c and the piston is provided arecess u; The superposed recesses u of two adjacent bladessserve to receive a spring v bearing against the end ofthe recess in one blade and the opposite end of the recess in the other blade, the recesses overlapping slightly in the longitudinal direction. Aonsequently the spring 'v urges the two cooperating' blades ftowards one another,

' inner -wall of said casing by a plurality of plane of the casing, means Afor feedingl an whereby said blades are brought to' bearv against, one of the sides of the plate c with a View to ensure a perfect fluidtightness.

The iluidtightness at the inner and outer sured by means of ring-shaped packing blades The luidtightness of the pistons is ensured b means of very long packing rings the sur ace o f which is flush with'that of the casing, said rings being urged towards the small springs fitted inside said rings.

What we claim is:

1. An internal combustion engine compris- `ing a torus-shaped casing having an intake chamber therein, a partition disposed in the equatorial plane of the casing, a driven shaft coaxial with the torus and secured to the partition, pistons secured to either-side of the partition and adapted to cooperate with the inner casing Wall, a double bladearrangement disposed in a diametrical plane of the casing and adapted to 'allow the ,fluidtight passageof the partition and pistons through it, means for feeding an aeriform explosive to the intake chamber of the casing on either side of the partition, means for igniting said mixture, means for leading the gases from one side of tthe blade arrangement to a point 3 of the casingon the otherr side thereof and means for exhausting the burnt gases.

' 2. An internal combustion engine comprising an annular casing having an intake chamber therein,'a rotary shaft coaxil therewitlwj a plate Jperpendicular to said shaft, rigidly@- secured thereto and passing throughsaid casing, pistons carried by both sides of the plate for cooperation with the inner wallsof the casing and the shape of which is such that the total thickness of the plate and pistons carried thereby is constant throughout any v circular line concentric'with the shaft described on the plate, a double blade arrange ment adapted to slide in fluidtight contact with the plate and pistons in, a diametrical ae'riform explosive mixture to .the intake chamberof the casing on both sides of the plate, means for igniting said mixture, means for leading the gases from one side of the blade arrangement to the other on the'utside of the casing and means forexhausting the burnt gases. al 3. An internal combustion engine compris- 55 ling an annularlcasing having an intake cham- Iber thereinja' rotary shaft coaxial therewith,

a plate perpendicular tosaid shaftrigidly secured thereto and passing through said casing, an even number of lpistons carried inA 5 spaced-relationship on neside of the plate for cooperation with the corresponding part of the-innerwall of the casing, and provlded withy sloping extensions, an equal number of pistons carned in spaced relationship on the l other side of the plato for cooperation with periphery of the torus-shaped casing is enthe corresponding part of the inner wall of the casing, in staggered relationship 'with reference to the first pistons andprovided with sloping extensions, the arran ement being such that the total thickness o the plate and parts carriedthereby is constant throughout any circular line concentric with the shaft described on the plate, a double blade .arrangement fitting over the plate and parts borne thereby and adapted to slide in a diametrical plane of the casing, means for feeding an aeriform explosive mixture to the intake chamber of the casing on both sides of the plate, means for igniting lsaid mixture, means for leading the gases from one side of the blade arrangement to the other on the outside of the casing and means for exhausting the burnt gases.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising an annular casing having an intake chamber therein, a rotary shaft coaxial therewith,

a plate perpendicular to said shaft, rigidly secured thereto and passi v through said casing, an even number of pistons carried in spaced Vrelationship on one side of the plate for cooperation with the corresponding part of the inner wall of the casing, and provided with sloping extensions an equal number of pistons carried in spaced relationship on' the other side of the plate forcooperatlon with the .corresponding part of the inner wall of the casing, in staggered relationship vwith reference to the first pistons and-provided with i sloping extensions, the arrangement being such that the tot'althickness ofthe plate land partsv carried thereby is constant throughout any circular line concentric with` the shaft nml described on the plate, a double blade arrangement tting over the plate/and parts, borne? thereby and adapted to slide in a dianietricfalA plane of the casing, means for feeding a cari buretted mixture to the intake chamber of the casing on `both sides of theplate and onthe' sanie side of the blade arrangement, explosion chambers into which is forced the mixture,

compressed by the pistons against the blade arrangement, means for igniting the mixture:

in the ignition chambers and means whereby the exploded gases are caused to reenter thel i casing on the other side of the vblade arrangement for' urging the pistons forward and^ means whereby the burnt gasesare forced out o f the casing by the pistons nearing the blade I arrangement' on the said other side of the said arrangement.

ALPHONSE BARREAUXJ.

Grosses' sAnRAzIN, x

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